Sleep disorders are increasingly recognised as a public health crisis. Among them, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) stands out for both its prevalence and its under-treatment.
Affecting nearly one billion individuals worldwide, OSA contributes to daytime fatigue, impaired cognition and elevated risks of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and premature mortality.
Despite the burden, current treatments remain insufficient. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices (such as the mask shown below) are considered to be the gold standard; yet, adherence is poor, with up to half of patients abandoning therapy within the first year because of discomfort, nasal congestion and the inconvenience of nightly use.
Alternatives such as oral appliances or surgical interventions are not universally applicable. This gap has spurred growing interest in pharmaceutical approaches that target the underlying mechanisms of OSA rather than relying solely on mechanical solutions.
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