Drinking a daily cup of beet juice has been shown to significantly lower blood pressure among patients with high blood pressure, according to scientists from Queen Mary University of London (QMUL).
This latest research published in the American Heart Association's journal Hypertension shows that patients with high blood pressure who drank a daily 250mL glass of beet juice experienced an average decrease in blood pressure of about 8/4mmHg. This is due to beets containing high levels of 'inorganic nitrate.'
The potential importance of these findings is substantial as large-scale observational studies suggest that each 2mmHg increase in blood pressure increases the likelihood of death from heart disease by 7% and stroke by 10%.
This is the first evidence of a long-lasting blood pressure reduction with dietary nitrate supplementation for sufferers of high blood pressure. The average reduction in blood pressure through a single anti-hypertensive drug is 9/5mmHg. Therefore, these findings suggest a role for dietary nitrate as an effective, easy and affordable treatment in managing blood pressure with similar results to drug treatment.
Professor Amrita Ahluwalia, Lead Author, QMUL: 'Diseases of the heart and blood vessels — which can cause heart attacks and strokes — remain the biggest cause of death worldwide. However, unlike some other serious illnesses, we are fortunate in that we can make certain lifestyle changes which dramatically improve our heart and blood vessel health. This research has proven that a daily inorganic nitrate dose can be as effective as medical intervention in reducing blood pressure and the best part is we can get it from beetroot and other leafy green vegetables.'
The double-blind Phase Two clinical trial funded by the British Heart Foundation, was carried out among 64 patients aged 18-85 years. Half of the patients were taking prescribed anti-hypertensive drugs but were failing to reach their target blood pressure, and the other half had been identified as having high blood pressure but not yet on medication. Patients were randomly assigned a daily dietary supplementation for four weeks - half received the dietary nitrate (250mL of beet juice) and the other half received a placebo (250mL nitrate-free beet juice). In addition, patients were monitored for 2 weeks before and after the study, a total study period of 8 weeks.
During the study, patients in the intervention group also experienced an improvement of around 20% in blood vessel dilation capacity and 10% reduction in arterial stiffness. These changes in blood vessel function have been shown by other studies to be associated with substantial reductions in heart disease. There were no adverse side-effects from the daily dietary nitrate.
In the 2 weeks after the study period, the blood pressure readings among patients in the intervention group returned to their previous high levels. There were no changes to blood pressure, blood vessel function or arterial stiffness among the placebo group during the study.
Professor Amrita Ahluwalia concludes: 'These findings are exciting because we've now tested the effectiveness of dietary nitrate in reducing blood pressure during a sustained period of time, and found it works. Plus it's so easy for patients to work this into their daily lives and see a positive benefit. It is hugely beneficial for people to be able to take steps in controlling their blood pressure through non-clinical means such as eating vegetables. We know many people don't like taking drugs life-long when they feel OK, and because of this, medication compliance is a big issue.'
