DSM Nutritional Products highlights a new paper, published in the online open access journal, Nutrients. The paper reviews prevailing literature and studies related to the potential for nutrition to modify the health impacts of air pollution and offers a framework for examining these interactions and potential nutritional solutions.
The findings demonstrate that, in an air polluted environment, a healthy diet with adequate intake of essential micronutrients could play an important role in preventing the development of chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary risks.
The publication of the paper coincides with the discussion of various air pollution related health events at the 2015 UN climate change conference (COP21) in Paris and the recent ‘red alert’ in Beijing.
Air pollution, including fine particulate matter (with particles less than 2.5µm in diameter, otherwise known as PM2.5) and gases, constitutes an environmental risk to human health and well-being. Around 80% of the global population lives in environments which exceed the air quality guideline (AQG) established by World Health Organization (WHO).
Co-author Professor Manfred Eggersdorfer, Senior Vice President, Nutrition Science and Advocacy at DSM and Professor for Healthy Ageing at Groningen University comments: 'Air pollution is a significant global environmental issue, which should not be neglected. Exposure to major contaminants in the atmosphere, including PM2.5, has been associated with a number of serious health issues. Long-term exposure may impact pulmonary function and increase the risk of cardiovascular events and other diseases, such as diabetes, via oxidative stress and inflammatory mechanisms.'
Co-author Fernando Holguin, Assistant Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics and Assistant Director, Asthma Institute at the University of Pittsburgh, states: 'The objective of this scientific paper is to provide an overview of existing literature and human studies on the role nutritional solutions can play in reducing the risks of the negative health impact of air pollution and to generate awareness for this global issue.'
The paper concludes that a healthy diet is key to determining health throughout life and could reduce the negative impact of air pollution on the body. It demonstrates that several studies showed that nutrients, such as B vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D and omega-3 PUFA have protective effects against the damage induced by particulate matter.
Increased intake of antioxidants, as well as other anti-inflammatory nutrients, may attenuate air-pollution induced oxidative stress and inflammation in asthma, cardiovascular health and chronic inflammatory diseases, thereby providing a useful solution to counteract the negative health impact.